Review of Arts and Humanities

Higher Education and Labor Market Diploma Effect and Over-education Case of Tunisian Higher Education Graduates
Ben Hamida Zrelli Nadia

Abstract
This work analyse the labor market reaction to the mass higher education. We identify with the statistic Cramer’s V the correlation between different kinds of school titles and jobs obtained by the Tunisian higher education graduates.We propose to identify the principal determinants of three kinds of over-education measurments: normative over-education, self-assessment over-education and overeducation related to wages focusing on the effects of mass higher education through diplomas and fields of study. Using the higher education graduates survey realized 18 months after leaving higher education, we estimate a probit model to study the extent of each type of over-education at the first job and its determinants: biographical data, characteristic of the formation and those of the obtained jobs. Results show that job characteristics present more significant effects on the probability of over-education than the characteristics of the training and that there is a diplomas hierarchy vis-a-vis the risk of over-education. The most abundant graduates on the labor market are not only victims of unemployment but also the most exposed to the risk of overeducation. To complete this analysis we have integrated the disciplines effects and shown that graduates of discipline receiving the mass are more exposed to the risk of overeducation.

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